The subjunctive is a verb mood, not a tense.
The indicative is also a verb mood.
Therefore, we will be working with 2 present
tenses.
◦ The present indicative
◦ The present subjunctive
◦ Start with the Yo form, present indicative
◦ Drop the Yo ending (o, oy)
◦ Reverse the endings
Ar verbs will use –e endings as the new ending to the stem
Er/Ir verbs will use –a endings as the new ending to the stem
◦ Hablar Hablo Habl hable, hables, hable,
hablemos, hablen
◦ Comer Como Com coma, comas, coma,
comamos, coman
◦ Decir Digo Dig diga, digas, diga, digamos, digan
If the verb has a stem-change in the yo form,
you still include that stem-change in the
subjunctive, except in Nosotros, unless….
Unless it is an –ir stem-changing verb, then
you make a one-letter stem-change in the
nosotros form.
◦ Dormir durmamos
Pedir pidamos
Any spelling change will affect all conjugations,
including nosotros.
Verbs ending in –car will change to qu
Verbs ending in –gar will change to gu
Verbs ending in –zar will change to c
Verbs ending in –ger will change to j
Verbs ending in –guir will change to g
◦ Sacar saque
◦ Llegar llegue
◦ Organizar organice
◦ Proteger proteja
◦ Extinguir extinga
Estar
◦ esté, estés, esté, estemos, estén
Ir
◦ vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayan
Ser
◦ sea, seas, sea, seamos, sean
Dar
◦ dé, des, dé, demos, den
Saber
◦ sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepan
These 3 rules for the subjunctive will apply
most of the time. There are always exceptions
you will have to learn.
1. There will be 2 independent clauses in the
sentence. (usually separated by que)
2. Each clause will have a different subject.
3. One clause (usually the first) will contain a
phrase or word that requires the subjunctive
use in the other clause.
0
