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Egypt
Egypt, country located in the northeastern corner of Africa.
Egypt’s heartland, the Nile River valley and delta, was the
home of one of the principal civilizations of the ancient
Middle East and, like Mesopotamia farther east, was the site
of one of the world’s earliest urban and literate societies.
History
People settled in Egypt as early as 6000 B.C. Over time, small villages
joined together to become states until two kingdoms emerged: Lower
Egypt, which covers the Nile River Delta up to the Mediterranean Sea
in the north, and Upper Egypt, which covers the Nile Valley in the
south.
Egypt's Dynasties
And Pharaohs
Ancient Egypt's history has traditionally been divided
into 30 (or sometimes 31) dynasties. However, "the
'dynasties' of Egypt are really just retrospective
constructs," Michael Dee, an associate professor of
isotope chronology at the University of Groningen in
the Netherlands, previously told Live Science in an
email.
Ancient Egyptian Religion
And Gods
Throughout much of Egypt's ancient history its people followed a polytheistic religion in which a vast number of gods
and goddesses were venerated. One of the most important was Osiris, god of the underworld. Abydos was an
important cult center for him, and numerous temples and shrines were constructed at the site in his honor.
Predynastic
Egypt
Early Settlements (c. 6000–3150 BCE): Predynastic Egypt saw the
development of agricultural communities along the Nile, leading
to the rise of regional cultures like Badarian, Naqada , and
Maadi.
Political Unification: Increasing social complexity and warfare
between Upper and Lower Egypt eventually led to the unification
of the two regions, setting the stage for the First Dynasty under
King Narmer..
Maps of Egypt
Egypt’s land frontiers border Libya to the west, Sudan to
the south, and Israel to the northeast. Egypt’s border with
Sudan is notable for two areas, the Ḥalāʾib Triangle along
the Red Sea and Biʾr Ṭawīl further inland, that are subject
to differing claims by the two countries (see Researcher’s
Note). In the north its Mediterranean coastline is about
620 miles (1,000 km), and in the east its coastline on the
Red Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba is about 1,200 miles (1,900
km).
The Arts Of Egypt
Egypt is one of the Arab world’s literary centres and has
produced many of modern Arabic literature’s foremost writers.
The impact of the West is one of the recurring themes in the
modern Egyptian novel, as in Tawfīq Ḥakīm’s Bird of the East
(1943) and Yaḥyā Ḥaqqī’s novella The Lamp of Umm Hashim
(1944).
Housing of
Egypt
Egypt has faced a serious urban housing shortage
since World War II. The situation subsequently
became aggravated by increased migration from
rural to urban areas, resulting in extreme urban
overcrowding.
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